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Indian National Congress
colloquially the Congress Party or simply the Congress, is an Indian political party. Founded in 1885, it was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa. -
Muslim League
The All-India Muslim League was a political party established in Dhaka in 1906 when some well-known Muslim politicians met the Viceroy of British India, Lord Minto, with the goal of securing Muslim interests on the Indian subcontinent. -
India Independence Movement
organized by Mahatma Gandhi, to induce the British government of India to grant self-government, or Swaraj, to India. It was one of Gandhi's first organized acts of large-scale civil disobedience (Satyagraha). -
The Immorality Act
An act of the Parliament of South Africa that prohibited extramarital sex between white people and people of other races. -
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Salt March
The Salt March, also known as the Salt Satyagraha, Dandi March and the Dandi Satyagraha, was an act of nonviolent civil disobedience in colonial India led by Mahatma Gandhi. -
The Representation of Natives Act
A legislation passed in South Africa which further reduced black rights at the time. -
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Quit India
The Quit India Movement, also known as the Bharat Chhodo Andolan, was a movement launched at the Bombay session of the All India Congress Committee by Mahatma Gandhi on 8th August 1942, during World War II, demanding an end to British rule in India. -
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Apartheid
The racial segregation under the all-white government of South Africa which dictated that non-white South Africans (a majority of the population) were required to live in separate areas from whites and use separate public facilities. -
The Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act
An apartheid law in South Africa that prohibited marriages between "whites" and "non-whites". -
The Population Registration Act
Required that each inhabitant of South Africa be classified and registered in accordance with their racial characteristics as part of the system of apartheid. -
The Group Areas Act
Systematized segregation in the control of transfers of land and immovable property (property which cannot be moved without being severely altered or destroyed, like a house) as well as occupation rights throughout the Union of South Africa, with the exception of reserves. -
The Black and Bantu Authorities Acts
Was to give authority to Traditional Tribal Leader within their traditional tribal homelands in South Africa. -
Reference book
law that required all African men age 16 and over to carry a "reference book". containing personal information and employment history. -
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The Defiance Campaing
The South African police were alerted about the action and were armed and prepared. In major South African cities, people and organizations performed acts of defiance and civil disobedience. -
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Mau Mau Rebellion
The Mau Mau rebellion, also known as the Mau Mau uprising, Mau Mau revolt or Kenya Emergency, was a war in the British Kenya Colony between the Kenya Land and Freedom Army, also known as the Mau Mau, and the British authorities. -
The Native Laws Amendment Act
Created special labor bureaus for Africans. This was designed to restrict the flow of workers to the towns. -
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Cuban Revolution
The Cuban Revolution was a military and political effort to overthrow the government of Cuba between 1953 and 1959. It began after the 1952 Cuban coup d'état which placed Fulgencio Batista as head of state and the failed mass strike in opposition that followed. -
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Algerian War for Independence
a major armed conflict between France and the Algerian National Liberation Front from 1954 to 1962, which led to Algeria winning its independence from France. An important decolonization war, it was a complex conflict characterized by guerrilla warfare and war crimes. -
The Massive Women’s Protest in Pretoria
Women of all races marched to the union buildings in Pretoria, to protest against pass laws which would limit the movements of black, Indian and coloured women, and where they were allowed to work. -
Ghana Independence Movement
the Gold Coast (now known as Ghana) gained independence from Britain. Ghana became a member of the Commonwealth of Nations and was led to independence by Kwame Nkrumah who transformed the country into a republic, with himself as president for life. -
Burning of Passes at the Police Station in Sharpeville
Police officers in a black township in South Africa opened fire on a group of people peacefully protesting oppressive pass laws, killing 69. The anniversary of the Sharpeville Massacre is remembered the world over every March 21 on the International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination. -
Congo Independence Movement
The first such confrontation occurred in the former Belgian Congo, which gained its independence on June 30, 1960. In the months leading up to independence, the Congolese elected a president, Joseph Kasavubu, prime minister, Patrice Lumumba, a senate and assembly, and similar bodies in the Congo's numerous provinces. -
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Cambodian Civil War
The Cambodian civil war led to the Cambodian genocide, one of the bloodiest in history.After five years of savage fighting, the Republican government was defeated on 17 April 1975 when the victorious Khmer Rouge proclaimed the establishment of Democratic Kampuchea. -
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Iranian Revolution
The Iranian Revolution, or the Islamic Revolution, refers to a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979.