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THE MODER AGE

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  • INVENTION OF THE STEAM ENGINE

    INVENTION OF THE STEAM ENGINE
    Is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid.
  • PRAGMATIC SANCTION

    PRAGMATIC SANCTION
    Is a sovereign's solemn decree on a matter of primary importance and has the force of fundamental law.
  • FLYING SHUTTLE

    FLYING SHUTTLE
    It was the first step in the mechanization of the loom and significantly increased the productivity of the weavers.
  • SPINNING JENNY

    SPINNING JENNY
    Was a spinning machine.
  • WATER FRAME

    WATER FRAME
    Is a spinning frame that is powered by a water-wheel.
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    WAR OF INDEPENDENCE

    Also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, was the military conflict of the American Revolution.
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    AMERICAN REVOLUTIONARY WAR

    Also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, was the military conflict of the American Revolution.
  • U.S. Declaration of Independence

    U.S. Declaration of Independence
    Is a document that annunce the separtation of 13 North American British colonies from Great Britain.
  • SPINNING MULE

    SPINNING MULE
    Was a machine used to spin cotton.
  • POWER WEAVING LOOM

    POWER WEAVING LOOM
    Was a mechanized device designed to automate the weaving process.
  • TREATY OF BASEL

    TREATY OF BASEL
    It consists of three peace treaties involving France during the French Revolution.
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    THE CONVENTION

    After the election of a new assembly known as the Convention,Louis XVI was accused of treason and then executed in january 1793. One month later,some European countries formed a coalition and declared war on France.the Jacobins took control and impulse a dictatorship, known as the TERROR: about 42 000 people were executed.
  • Adoption of the U.S. Constitution

    Adoption of the U.S. Constitution
    After the war ended, Whasington presided over the 1787 Contitutional Convention in Philadelphia, where the Constitution of the United States was written.
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    KING OF SPAIN

    Carlos IV became King of Spain.
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    REIGN OF CHARLES IV

    King of Spain King of Spain, fifth monarch of the House of Bourbon.
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    FIRST INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

    Was a peri and of violent political and social change, which saw the abolition of the absolute monarchy and the of the estates systemof the Ancient Régime.
  • Convocation of the Estates-General

    Convocation of the Estates-General
    It was the first meeting since 1614 of the three French Estates-General:The Clergy, The Nobles and The Common People.
  • The calling of the Estates General

    The calling of the Estates General
    Louis XVl decided to call together the Estates General in order to increase taxes.
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    NATIONAL ASSEMBLY

    At the meeting of the Estates General the Third Estate proposed a new voting system which each representative would have a vote. They formed a National Assembly and demanded a constitution.
  • STORMING OF THE BASTILLE

    STORMING OF THE BASTILLE
    A new Constituent Assembly was elected to write a constitution. At the same time the protesters began a riot in the streets of Paris, and the 14 July 1789, they attacked the Bastille(a famous political prision)
  • The Contituent Assembly

    The Contituent Assembly
    A nuw Constituent Assembly was elected to write a contitution. At the same time, protesters began to riot in the etrees of Paris, they attacked the Bastille.
  • ADOPTION OF THE DECLARATION OF THE RIGHTS OF MAN AND OF THE CITIZEN

    ADOPTION OF THE DECLARATION OF THE RIGHTS OF MAN AND OF THE CITIZEN
    was adopted on the 26 of August 1789 by the National Constituent Assembly
  • ADOPTION OF THE FIRST FRENCH CONSTITUTION

    ADOPTION OF THE FIRST FRENCH CONSTITUTION
    The declaration stated that all men are born free and equal in their rights.
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    THE REVOLUTIONARY ASSEMBLY

    The Legislative Assembly was elected for one year by restricted suffrage and was empowered to enact laws and raise taxes, determine public expenditure, ratify treaties and declare war. It sat as of right and could not be dissolved.
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    LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY

    The Legislative Assembly inherited government at a time when there were grave doubts about the intentions of the king and the workability of the new constitution.
  • Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizens

    Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizens
    The declaration stated that all men are born free and equal in their rights.
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    FIRST REPUBLIC

    During this time, the French Revolution was taking place, and the country underwent significant political and societal change.
  • The Legislative Assembly

    The Legislative Assembly
    A new Legislative Assembly was elected. It was dominated by two groups, the GIRNDINS and the JACOBINS. Louis XVI opposed the reforms and asked Austria for support. In response, the assembly abolished the monarchy and declared France a republic.
  • EXECUTION OF LOUIS XVI

    EXECUTION OF LOUIS XVI
    After the election of a new assembly known as the Convention, Louis XVI was accused of treason and executed.
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    THE DIRECTORY

    France's moderate middle class had gained control of thecountry, and they established the Directory. This was a more conservative goverment which was compose of 5 menbers.
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    THE CONSULATE

    There was a military coup and General Napoleon Bonaparte establibes a new form of goverment called the Consulate. This was a group of 3 leaders which included Napoleon himself as FIRST CONSUL.
  • TREATY OF SAN ILDEFONSO

    TREATY OF SAN ILDEFONSO
    Was a secret agreement signed between the Spanish Empire and the French Republic.
  • First Consul

    First Consul
    Napoleon Bonaparte gradually increase his power and was named First Consul for live.
  • INVENTION OF THE LOCOMOTIVE

    INVENTION OF THE LOCOMOTIVE
    The invention of the steam locomotive by Richard Trivithick made possible to move large quantities of products more quickly.
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    EMPIRE

    Napoleon declare himself Emperor. He was defeted in the battle of Waterloo
  • Emperor

    Emperor
    Napoleon declared himself Emperor of France.
  • Civil Code

    Civil Code
    a set of laws that applied equally to all citizens. It introduced new legal conceps, such as civil marriage, divorce, adoption and public education.
  • King of Italy

    King of Italy
    Napoleon declared himself King of Italy.
  • BATTLE OF TRAFALGAR

    BATTLE OF TRAFALGAR
    The Battle of Trafalgar was a naval war between the British Royal Navy and the combined fleets of the French and Spanish Navies.
  • BATTLE OF AUSTERLITZ

    BATTLE OF AUSTERLITZ
    also known as the Battle of the Three Emperors, was one of the important and decisive military war of the Napoleonic Wars.
  • ESTABLISHMENT OF THE CONTINENTAL BLOCKADE

    ESTABLISHMENT OF THE CONTINENTAL BLOCKADE
    Napoleon decreed, from his Palace in Berlin, a blockade of the British Isles and forbade all British goods and commerce entering the continent.
  • LAUNCH OF THE FIRST STEAMSHIP

    LAUNCH OF THE FIRST STEAMSHIP
    The steamship by Robert Fulton made possible to move large quantitien of products more quickly.
  • The Treaty of Fontainebleau

    The Treaty of Fontainebleau
    Spain supported Napoleon in the war againt Great Britainan,and spain sign the Treaty of Fontainebleau.
  • BATTLE OF BAILÉN

    BATTLE OF BAILÉN
    Was foughtbetween the Spanish Army of Andalusia and the Imperial French Army.
  • New King of Spain

    New King of Spain
    With the treaty, France had permission to pass through Spain and conquer Portugal. In the end, France occupied Spain, expelling Charles IV and placing his brother, Joseph Bonaparte on the throne.
  • REVOLT OF ARANJUEZ

    REVOLT OF ARANJUEZ
    Also known as the Mutiny of Aranjuez, was an uprising led against King Charles IV.
  • UPRISING OF THE PEOPLE OF MADRID

    UPRISING OF THE PEOPLE OF MADRID
    The rebellion, mainly by civilians, with some isolated military action by junior officers, was against the occupation of the city by French troops, and was violently repressed by the French Imperial forces.
  • ABDICATIONS OF BAYONNE

    ABDICATIONS OF BAYONNE
    Successive renunciations of the throne by Ferdinand VII of Spain, who returned to his father the crown obtained with the mutiny of Aranjuez, and by Charles IV.
  • INDEPENDENCE OF COLOMBIA

    INDEPENDENCE OF COLOMBIA
    It occurred on July 20, 1810 when the Junta de Santa Fe was formed in Santa Fe de Bogota.
  • APPEARANCE OF THE LUDDITES

    APPEARANCE OF THE LUDDITES
    Factory workers protested by destroying machines bacause they felt that they were being replaced by them. The goverment reacted by passing a law in 1812 which established the death penalty for anyone who destroyed a machine.
  • APPROVAL OF "LA PEPA"

    APPROVAL OF "LA PEPA"
    Goodbye to the Ancien Regime was said, although for a time it seemed that only “see you later” had been said. And when Fernando VII returned to Spain, with the War of Independence already concluded and won, he abolished the constitution.
  • CONVOCATION OF THE COURTS OF CADIZ

    CONVOCATION OF THE COURTS OF CADIZ
    The French inflicted large losses on the Spanish, took control of southern Spain and forced the government to retreat to Cádiz, its last available redoubt on Spanish soil.
  • TREATY OF VALLENÇAY

    TREATY OF VALLENÇAY
    The agreement provided for the withdrawal of French troops from Spain, and the restoration of Ferdinand VII of Spain.
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    ABSOLUTIST SEXENIO

    Once absolutism was restored, they called the absolutist six-year period began, which would last until 1820, the year in which the liberal regime and the Constitution of 1812 were reestablished.
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    VIENNA CONGRESS

    Was an assembly that reorganized Europe after the Napoleon defeat.
  • Battle of Waterloo

    Battle of Waterloo
    Napoleon was defeated. The victorious powers re-established the Ancien Régime.
  • CREATION OF THE HOLY ALLIANCE

    CREATION OF THE HOLY ALLIANCE
    Was a coalition linking the monarchist great powers of Austria, Prussia and Russia, which was created after the final defeat of Napoleon at the behest of Emperor.
  • INDEPENDENCE OF ARGENTINA

    INDEPENDENCE OF ARGENTINA
    Independence of Argentina was declared by the Congress of Tucumán.
  • INDEPENDENCE OF CHILE

    INDEPENDENCE OF CHILE
    Was a military and political event that allowed the emancipation of Chile from the Spanish Monarchy, ending the colonial period and initiating the formation of an independent republic.
  • FIRST LIBERAL REVOLUTIONARY WAVE

    FIRST LIBERAL REVOLUTIONARY WAVE
    The liberal revolutions aimed to establish constitutional monarchies
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    TRIENIO LIBERAL

    It was the result of the constitutional wave that had begun in the 18th century with the French Revolution.
  • SECOND LIBERAL REVOLUTIONARY WAVE

    SECOND LIBERAL REVOLUTIONARY WAVE
    Greece gained its independence from the Turkish Ottoman Empire through a liberal and nacionalist revolution.
  • INDEPENDENCE OF MEXICO

    INDEPENDENCE OF MEXICO
    Was an armed conflict and political process resulting in Mexico's independence from the Spanish Empire.
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    OMINOUS DECADE

    For the last ten years of the reign of King Ferdinand VII of Spain, dating from the abolition of the Spanish Constitution of 1812
  • FIRST COMMERCIAL TRAIN

    FIRST COMMERCIAL TRAIN
    The opening of the first public railway made possiblle to move large quantities of people and products faster.
  • INDEPENDENCE OF PERU

    INDEPENDENCE OF PERU
    Was a series of military conflicts in Peru from 1809 to 1826 that resulted in the country's independence from the Spanish Empire.
  • THIRD LIBERAL REVOLUTIONARY WAVE

    THIRD LIBERAL REVOLUTIONARY WAVE
    A liberal revolution established a constitutional monarchy in France.
  • CREATION OF THE FIRST TRADE UNIONS

    CREATION OF THE FIRST TRADE UNIONS
    These were associations of workers in the same industry, which offered mutual assistance in the case of accident or injury and demanded better working conditions. It also tried to use strikes.
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    FIRST CARLIST WAR

    It was fought between two factions over the succession to the throne and the nature of the Spanish monarchy.
  • EXPROPRIATION OF MENDIZÁBAL

    EXPROPRIATION OF MENDIZÁBAL
    More often referred to simply as la Desamortización in Spanish, were a set of decrees that resulted in the expropriation and privatisation of monastic properties in Spain from 1835 to 1837.
  • EXPROPRIATION OF MADOZ

    EXPROPRIATION OF MADOZ
    more often referred to simply as la Desamortización in Spanish, were a set of decrees that resulted in the expropriation and privatisation of monastic properties in Spain from 1835 to 1837.
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    CHARTIST MOVEMENT

    British working-class movement for parliamentary reform.
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    REGENCY OF ESPARTERO

    Last period of the minority of age of Isabel II, so called because General Baldomero Espartero after the triumph of the "revolution of 1840" that put an end to the regency of María Cristina de Borbón.
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    EFFECTIVE REIGN OF ELIZABETH II

    Is usually divided into four periods: the moderate decade(1844–1854); the progressive biennium(1854–1856); the period of the Liberal Union governments(1856–1863) and the final crisis (1863–1868).
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    REIGN OF AMADEUS OF SAVOY

    Was an Italian prince who reigned as King of Spain.
  • DRAFTING OF THE COMMUNIST MANIFESTO

    DRAFTING OF THE COMMUNIST MANIFESTO
    Stems from the joint development of ideas between Marx and Engels.
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    REIGN OF JOSEPH I

    Was Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary, and the ruler of the other states of the Habsburg monarchy
  • NAPOLEON'S COUP D'ÉTAT

    NAPOLEON'S COUP D'ÉTAT
    It is the act by which Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, president of the Second French Republic for three years, retains power a few months before the end of his term.
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    ITALIAN UNIFICATION

    King Victor Emmanuel II unified Italy and became a constitutional monarchy.
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    FIRST INTERNATIONAL

    Was an international organisation which aimed at uniting a variety of different left-wing socialist, communist and anarchist groups and trade unions that were based on the working class and class struggle.
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    GERMAN UNIFICATION

    Bismarck established the Second Reich, or German Empire with Wilhelm I as it´s kaiser.
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    PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT (SERRANO)

    The failure of the First Republic and the coup by General Manuel Pavía and Rodríguez de Alburquerque placed Serrano in the Presidency of the Executive Branch of the Republic in January 1874, beginning an indefinite presidential regime.
  • CONSTITUTION OF 1869

    CONSTITUTION OF 1869
    It was the Constitution approved under the Provisional Government of 1868-1871, after the triumph of the Revolution of 1868 that ended the reign of Isabel II.
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    SECOND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

    Also known as the Technological Revolution, was a phase of rapid scientific discovery, standardisation, mass production and industrialisation from the late 19th century into the early 20th century.
  • FOUNDATION OF THE PSOE

    FOUNDATION OF THE PSOE
    The Spanish Socialist Workers Party was founded clandestinely in the Casa Labra tavern in Madrid.
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    REGENCY OF MARIA CHRISTINA

    Maria Christina of Austria was regent of Spain from the death of her husband, Alfonso XII.
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    SECOND INTERNATIONAL

    Was establishes in Paris. It called for an eight-hour working day and established 1 May as an international day of protest for workers' rights.
  • FOUNDATION OF THE CNT

    FOUNDATION OF THE CNT
    Since the foundation of the CNT in 1910 and the initial constitutional congress in September 1911, nine congresses have taken place, four prior to the Spanish Civil War, and six since the Spanish transition to democracy.
  • Treaty of Versailles

    Treaty of Versailles
    Peace document signed at the end of World War I by the Allied and associated powers and by Germany