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The Westward Expansion
The Westward Expansion describes the United States' territorial growth towards the western frontier. Through treaties, purchases, and occasionally wars with Native American tribes, new territory was purchased. The idea that the country was destined to spread from coast to coast across the continent, known as "manifest destiny," played a role in this development. The United States' geography, population, and culture experienced turmoil because of the country's westward expansion. -
Antebellum South
The era in the southern United States before the Civil War is known as the Antebellum South. A agricultural system dependent on slave labor, especially cotton plantations, was its key characteristics. Racial inequality defined Southern society, with White plantation owners controlling both economic and political power and African Americans being subjected to systematic oppression. Tensions over the rights of states, especially in slavery, was another feature of the Antebellum South. -
The Indian Removal Act
Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act in 1830, causing Native American tribes to be forced to move from their lands. Tens of thousands of Native Americans had to be relocated as a result of the act. White settlers' goals were to get Native American lands for farming and growth. Tons of Native American tribes were destroyed, along with a lot of suffering and deaths because of the Indian Removal Act. -
The Mexican-American War
The United States and Mexico fought each other in the Mexican-American War, which lasted from 1846 to 1848. It started when the United States seized Texas in 1845. In exchange for $15 million, Mexico gave the United States areas including California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, and portions of Colorado and Wyoming as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which put an end to the war. -
Women's Suffrage Movement
The social and political movement known as the Women's Suffrage Movement aimed to provide women the right to vote. The movement aimed to overcome the exclusion of women from the political process. Marches, protests, and lobbying campaigns were organized by activists to promote and increase public awareness of suffrage. Leading figures
including Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Alice Paul, and Susan B. Anthony were important in advancing the goal. The movement was ultimately successful. -
The Civil War
The Northern states and the Southern states fought an important battle in the United States from 1861 to 1865. States' rights, slavery, and inequalities in the regional economy were the main causes of it. With the Confederacy defeated and slavery abolished by the Emancipation Proclamation and the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, the war came to an end. -
Reconstruction Era
After the Civil War, there was the Reconstruction Era, which lasted from 1865 to 1877. Rebuilding the South and reuniting the Confederate states with the Union were its goals. During reconstruction, attempts were made to restore Southern infrastructure, create civil rights for freed African Americans, and bring the country together following the war. -
The Gilded Age
During this time, the country saw industrialization, economic expansion, and wealth accumulation, especially in the upper class. The word "gilded" implies that although everything looked wealthy on the outside, it was characterized by social issues like economic inequality, political corruption, poverty, and strikes. Waves of immigration, urbanization, and scientific developments were witnessed during the Gilded Age, which set the foundation for the current American economy and society. -
Homestead Labor Strike
The Homestead Strike was a strike that broke out at the Pennsylvanian Homestead Steel Works of the Carnegie Steel Company in 1892. It was among the bloodiest labor conflicts in American history. The company's proposals to lower wages and change working conditions caused the workers to go on strike. After management went into lockdown due to the strike, there was a violent altercation when the firm dispatched Pinkerton detectives to end the walkout. The fight left many dead on both sides. -
The Progressive Era
The Progressive Era was characterized by political and social reform efforts meant to solve all of the economic and social injustices caused by urbanization and industrialization. Progressives supported government action to control large corporations, improve workplace conditions, fight political corruption, and advance social welfare initiatives. The creation of labor laws, women's suffrage, and consumer protection legislation were some of the major reforms of the Progressive Era. -
World War I
Many of the world's major powers fought in World War I, and was mostly centered in Europe. The war, which was started by the murder of Austria-Hungary's Archduke Franz Ferdinand, put the Central Powers against the Allies, which included France, Russia, and eventually the United States. Trench warfare, chemical warfare, and an enormous amount of losses were its key characteristics. -
The Prohibition Era
The manufacture, distribution, and transportation of alcoholic drinks were banned by the 18th Amendment to the Constitution during the Prohibition Era. The rise of speakeasies and the increase of bootlegging, or illegal production and distribution of alcohol, were the two main trends during this time. The Prohibition era was marked by organized crime's involvement in the illicit alcohol trade. The 18th Amendment was ultimately voided by the 21st Amendment in 1933. -
The Roaring 20's
The United States had an era of economic success and vibrant culture known as the Roaring Twenties. A lot of social, cultural, and political developments occurred during this time, including the rise of consumerism, jazz music, and new technologies like radios and cars. In addition, the decade was also characterized by social unrest, especially the Prohibition era and racial segregation. American society experienced a time of excitement and invention during the Roaring Twenties. -
The Great Depression
In the 1930s, an intense financial crisis known as the Great Depression struck the world. The 1929 stock market crash marked the start of it, and it continued until the late 1930s or early 1940s. Millions of individuals lost their jobs during this time, businesses failed, and families found it difficult to make ends meet. Widespread unemployment, extreme poverty, homelessness, and a drop in industrial production were the key features of the Depression. -
New Deal Program
Franklin D. Roosevelt addressed the Great Depression by enacting initiatives known as the New Deal. In order to solve the economic crisis and reduce the suffering of Americans, it aimed to give relief, recovery, and reform. Public works initiatives to generate employment, banking regulation through financial reforms and social welfare programs like Social Security were all part of the New Deal. These programs attempted to help people most impacted by the Depression and to stabilize the economy. -
World War II
A large number of countries around the world were involved in the global struggle known as World War II. It started when Germany invaded Poland and then spread to other parts of Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Pacific. The Allied countries, mainly Germany, Japan, and Italy, and the Allies, led by the United States, the Soviet Union, and the United Kingdom, fought each other in the war. Major operations that took place during World War II included the bombing of Pearl Harbor -
The Cold War
The Cold War was a time of geopolitical conflict between the US and its NATO allies and the USSR and its satellite republics. Although there was no direct battle between the two nations, it was characterized by their competition on the ideas, politics, and military fronts. Instead, they worked on developing nuclear weapons, espionage, and fighting proxy wars. For the 20th century, international relations were shaped by the Cold War, which had an impact on world politics, economy, and culture. -
The Korean War
Between North Korea, which was supported by China and the Soviet Union, and South Korea, which was supported by the United Nations, there was the Korean War between 1950 and 1953. With the intention of uniting the Korean peninsula under communist control, North Korean soldiers invaded South Korea. Korea was divided along the 38th parallel, which remains in place today, as a result of the war's ceasefire and signing of an armistice agreement. -
The Civil Rights Movement
Attempting to protect African Americans' legal rights as citizens and put an end to racial segregation and discrimination against them, the Civil Rights Movement was a social and political movement in the United States. It included peaceful protests, court cases, and community organizing campaigns headed by individuals like Malcolm X, Rosa Parks, and Martin Luther King Jr. -
The Vietnam War
The Vietnam War was a conflict that mostly involved North Vietnam, which was supported by communist allies including China and the Soviet Union, and South Vietnam, which was supported by the United States. It lasted from 1955 to 1975. It began when Vietnam was split into its North and South after the First Indochina War. Guerrilla warfare, bombing campaigns, and strong opposition from the American people along with other countries were the primary characteristics of the war.