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First Wave of Feminism
This movement focused on women gaining the right to vote, education, property, and legal personhood independent of their husbands. The first wave of feminism was significant in the context of civil rights, as its success in changing the legal and social structures in America encouraged further change. This movement was considered civil disobedience as it was a non-violent protest. -
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Civil Rights Movement
The civil rights movement was spurred on by the disparity in treatment between African Americans and whites. To create change, non-violent protests were established, showing that this movement was more civil disobedience, and its success in using civil disobedience is important as it showed other civil rights movements that violence was not the way. -
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Latino Civil Rights Movement
Similar to the civil rights movement for African Americans, the Latin American movement focused on gaining rights for their people. This movement is important in the context of civil rights as it challenged social norms in America, when all people in America are truly equal, America's cultural image changes to being that of equality for all. This movement was overall an act of civil disobedience, focusing on
non-violent protests, but some protests became violent in an act of self-defence. -
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Puerto Rican Civil Rights Movement
This movement focused on the inconsistencies in how Puerto Ricans were treated. Puerto Ricans were not allowed to have a distinct cultural identity as they are a territory of the United States, but they were still discriminated against and not given the same rights as an American citizen was guaranteed. This movement was inspired by other civil rights movements, such as the black power movement. As such, it was mainly civil disobedience through boycotts. -
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Asian American Movement
The Asian American Movement aimed to establish a distinct Asian American identity, reduce discrimination, and tried to eliminate harmful asian stereotypes. This is important in the context of the civil rights movement, as this is an example of further civil liberties that these ethnic groups had to fight for. This movement included sit-ins, boycotts, marches, and protests, often resulting in the participants' arrests, making it civil disobedience. -
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Second Wave of Feminism
The Second Wave of Feminism focused on issues beyond just legal equality, such as reproductive rights, domestic violence, and women's roles in society. This led to women being allowed in the workplace and was a step forward in women's long journey for equality. This is important in the context of civil rights as it further shows that civil disobedience can create change. This movement used civil disobedience through protest to challenge societal norms and laws that were not equal. -
March on Washington
The March on Washington was the largest gathering for civil rights during this period. It was organized to advocate for the rights of African Americans and the furthering of civil liberties for all. This event is significant in the context of civil rights as it united many groups to protest one issue and was instrumental in getting the Civil Rights Act passed shortly after. This event was civil disobedience, as a peaceful gathering of protesters who demanded civil rights and justice. -
Brown v. Board of Education
This court case ruled that State-Sanctioned segregation would no longer stand. They cited that it violated the 14th Amendment and, therefore, was unconstitutional. This was a significant stride in the civil rights movement as the Supreme Court finally gave its support to African Americans. This was a result of civil disobedience. -
Chicago Freedom Movement
This movement was led by MLK to try and address racial discrimination and focused on housing, education, and job opportunities issues. This was an important event in the civil rights movement as it helped create open housing instead of segregated neighborhoods. They used tactics like marches, boycotts, and nonviolent direct action as civil disobedience. -
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Civil Rights Movement - Present
The civil rights movement today addresses contemporary issues like racial injustice, police brutality, voter suppression, and economic inequality. This is important within civil rights as a whole, as it shows that while basic rights have been gained, we still must fight prejudice. This protest has continued to be civil disobedience. -
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The Chicano Movement
The Chicano Movement focused on Mexican American equality, cultural pride, and labor rights. It is significant for the civil rights movement as it challenged discrimination, improved labor conditions, and helped to create the Chicano identity. The movement used civil disobedience through strikes, boycotts, and protests, but sometimes were forced to defend themselves against police brutality. -
Loving v. Virginia
In this case, the Supreme Court invalidates laws banning interracial marriage. This is significant for the civil rights movement as marriage is now a fundamental right for all regardless of race. The case was spurred on by civil disobedience. -
Red Power Movement
The Red Power Movement was a Native American civil rights movement in the late 20th century focused on self-determination and cultural preservation. This is significant for civil rights as it ended the federal termination policy, promoted self-determination, and restored aspects of tribal sovereignty. This came about from mostly civil disobedience, with some level of self-defense in certain confrontations. -
American Indian Movement
AIM, or the American Indian Movement, includes major protests like the 1972 BIA occupation and the 1973 Wounded Knee armed standoff. Aim fought for the poor living conditions, police harassment, and discrimination faced by Native Americans who had relocated to urban areas. This is important for civil rights, as another ethnic group was able to fight for and gain equality. This was a mix of civil disobedience and self-defense throughout the course of the movement. -
Trail of Broken Treaties
In 1972, Indian Affairs by Native American activists crossed the country to demand treaty rights and reforms. This was significant as it brought Native American issues to be nationally recognized, challenged broken treaties, and advanced indigenous sovereignty and civil rights. This movement was primarily civil disobedience through occupation and protest. -
The Civil Liberties Act of 1988
The act granted apologies and reparations to Japanese Americans and Aleuts (Alaskans) interned or relocated during WWII. This is important as it is the government's acknowledgment of racial injustice, reparations, and will help to prevent future civil rights violations. This was done as a result of civil disobedience. -
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Third Wave of Feminism
The third wave of feminism was the most recent wave of feminism; this wave focused on addressing sexual harassment, female sexuality, taboos, and campaigning for reproductive rights. This is important for the overall Civil Rights movement, as this is moving toward full true equality instead of basic rights that were fought for in the past. This was done through civil disobedience.